Gossips Products Review

Something is happening in Adelaide. Australia’s fifth largest city is growing up.

Biannual arts festivals have become annual events, new legislation has backed small bars, a government-endorsed laneway culture has emerged and a $ 565m upgrade of Adelaide Oval is nearing completion that will attract up to 50,000 Australian Football League supporters into the central business district regularly.

Now the South Australian premier, Jay Weatherhill, wants to fortify Adelaide’s fledgling vibrancy with an ambitious plan to install a major tram network.

His government has released its 30-year integrated transport and land use plan, which proposes five new tram lines to link Adelaide’s suburbs and beaches to the CBD, along with a city circuit to connect its entertainment and eating/shopping precincts.

The centrepiece of this plan is a tram network Weatherill wants constructed within the next decade as a crucial step towards his vision of a “creative city” and a doubled CBD population of 50,000 people.

“We want to really unlock people’s creativity, so they can express themselves and be successful in what they want to do,” Weatherill says.

“They can choose to be part of an inner-city experience, a new urban experience, or in the outer suburbs or the country – we want them to have every option available to them to suit the different stages of their life.”

The “transformation” plan was partly inspired by similar investments made in Bordeaux, France, a city that shared both Adelaide’s fortune, being in close proximity to a world-famous wine region, and its folly – it ripped up its original tram network to make way for the “era of the motor car” in the 1950s.

“This is about having a sustainable city that continues to function and doesn’t get congested, but it’s also about the attractiveness of the city and that being an asset that attracts and retains people,” Weatherill said.

The plan includes the continued electrification of metropolitan train lines, the potential for an underground city train circuit, more cycling infrastructure and the completion of a north-south freight corridor through Adelaide.

Flinders University school of the environment adjunct associate professor Clive Forster is sceptical of European cities being used as models for Australian ones but says there is a lot of enthusiasm for light-rail developments across the world.

“This is largely because of the role of fixed-rail transit in stimulating building investment because it represents a major long-term public infrastructure investment that can’t easily be moved or changed,” Forster says.

“The main issue is how to find the money for such a massive infrastructure investment.”

The full 30-year plan comes with a hefty price tag of $ 36bn and the federal government has played its card, pulling a reported $ 76m in funding from one SA train electrification project, the Gawler and Outer Harbor train line, citing a need to focus on rail freight and big road projects instead.

It is the second time the project has been thwarted after revenue write-down in the 2012-13 state budget resulted in the electrification being put on hold.

Weatherill argues there has been a dramatic increase in private and public sector investment in the city and different aspects of the transport plan would find support under the changing persuasions of federal governments.

Major rail, expressway and hospital upgrades are under way and last week Lonely Planet listed Adelaide in its top nine cities to visit in 2014 – largely due to its annual “Mad March” festive season and the Adelaide Oval redevelopment.

Weatherill says it is proof Adelaide’s transformation is being noticed internationally.

And in the true fashion of a city that is always out to prove a point, the listing was celebrated with an impromptu government-endorsed street party on one of its new laneway entertainment strips, Leigh Street.

“It was a good street party with a good vibe,” he says.

By Sharon Begley

NEW YORK (Reuters) – The rate of preterm births in the United States dropped to a 15-year low of 11.5 percent in 2012, according to a report released on Friday, but the country still came in dead last among industrialized nations on this measure of infant health.

The rate reflects six straight years of declines, possibly due to factors such as a drop in smoking among women of childbearing age, said the March of Dimes, the nonprofit group that produced the report.

The improvement comes during an acrimonious, partisan debate in Congress about health insurance centered on President Barack Obama’s healthcare reform law.

The Affordable Care Act requires all insurance plans to cover maternity care, spreading the cost of healthy pregnancies across society.

That provision led to a testy exchange on Wednesday when Kathleen Sebelius, secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services, testified before a congressional panel and defended the provision. Republican Representative Renee Ellmers retorted that the maternity requirement “is why healthcare premiums are increasing, because we are forcing (people) to buy things that they will never need.”

The requirement increases premiums for a typical policy about 3 percent, calculated James O’Connor of Milliman, an actuarial firm, in an April report for the health insurance industry.

“We are the only high-income country in the world not to have everyone covered for maternity care,” said Dr Edward McCabe, medical director of the March of Dimes.

Before the ACA, “only 16 percent of plans in the individual market covered women for maternity care,” McCabe said. “Requiring that coverage is a statement about our values as a society.”

$ 26 BILLION COST

The rate of preterm births peaked in 2006 at 12.8 percent, as women gave birth at older ages and were more likely to carry twins, triplets and higher multiples.

The reasons for the declines are unclear, but several factors likely played a role. The percentage of women of childbearing age who smoke, a risk factor for early labor, fell from 22.5 percent in 2011 to 20.8 percent last year, said McCabe.

The percentage of women in that age group who are uninsured also dipped, from 21.9 percent to 21.3 percent, government data show.

The decrease in preterm births should make a dent in healthcare spending: preemies cost the United States more than $ 26 billion annually, according to the Institute of Medicine, or $ 51,600 per preterm baby in 2005.

In the first year of life, medical costs for a baby born before 37 weeks gestation are 12 times those of one born at 40 weeks, a full-term pregnancy.

Those costs continue for years. Preemies can suffer developmental delays, vision loss and cerebral palsy, leading to higher educational costs and lost wages, said McCabe.

The drop in preterm births in the United States since 2006 means that about 176,000 fewer babies were born too soon, calculates the March of Dimes, for an estimated $ 9 billion savings in health and societal costs.

VERMONT FIRST, MISSISSIPPI LAST

The variation in rates of preterm births among U.S. states is almost as great as that among countries.

Vermont led the nation with just 8.7 percent of births coming before 37 weeks gestation. Alaska, California, Maine, New Hampshire and Oregon had rates of 9.6 percent or lower, the target recommended by the March of Dimes.

At least 80 countries have rates of preterm births below 9.6 percent, according to a U.N. report, “Born Too Soon,” released last year. They include China, Romania, Cuba and Latvia. And every developed country has a rate of preterm births lower than that of the United States, the U.N. report showed.

“I think it’s wonderful what the March of Dimes is doing with this report,” said Dr Wanda Barfield, director of reproductive health at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “It’s taking us to school in terms of how the U.S. is doing on preterm births: we rank 130th out of 184 countries.”

The states with the highest rates of preterm birth are Mississippi (17.1 percent), Louisiana (15.3 percent) and Alabama (14.6 percent). If they were countries, they would be among the 14 worst of the 184 for which data are available, according to the U.N. report. The global average is 11.1 percent.

Rates also varied by race. Among non-Hispanic blacks, 16.5 percent of births were preterm last year, down from 18.5 percent in 2006 and the lowest in more than 20 years. Among whites, the rate was 10.5 percent.

The high U.S. rate for preterm births is often blamed on the nation’s racial, ethnic and economic diversity, said McCabe, “but the California example refutes that.”

California, with half a million births each year, “has an incredibly diverse population, but it set up policies and procedures to make reducing preterm births a priority,” he said.

The full report is available at marchofdimes.com/reportcard

(Reporting by Sharon Begley; Editing by Julie Steenhuysen and Xavier Briand)

• Health
• Family Health
• March of Dimes

TOKYO (Reuters) – A Japanese lawmaker handed Emperor Akihito a letter on Thursday expressing fear about the health impact of the Fukushima nuclear disaster, breaking a taboo by trying to involve the emperor in politics.

Taro Yamamoto, who is also an anti-nuclear activist, gave Akihito the letter during a garden party, setting off a storm of protest on the Internet from critics shocked at his action.

“I wanted to directly tell the emperor of the current situation,” Yamamoto told reporters, referring to the crisis at the Fukushima nuclear plant north of Tokyo, which has been leaking radioactivity since it was battered by an earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011.

“I wanted him to know about the children who have been contaminated by radiation. If this goes on, there will be serious health impacts.”

Akihito inclined his head as he took the letter in his hand but then handed it to a nearby chamberlain. Yamamoto said he made no comment.

About 150,000 people were evacuated from around the plant which suffered a series of explosions and meltdowns. A large area of surrounding land is off-limits due to high radiation.

U.N. scientists said this year the evacuation helped prevent rising cancer rates and other health problems. Traces of radioactive contamination have been found in rice and far out in the Pacific Ocean.

Akihito, who turns 80 in December, fills a purely ceremonial role and remains above the political fray.

He has striven to draw the imperial family closer to the people. Conservative Japanese revere him, while many others feel a fond affection towards him. Some Japanese see the family as irrelevant.

Some Internet critics called on Yamamoto to resign from parliament. “This was really low,” one critic wrote in a Web forum.

Chief cabinet secretary Yoshihide Suga also expressed disapproval, telling a news conference: “There is a line for appropriate behavior at such an occasion”.

(This story corrects name of chief cabinet secretary in final paragraph)

(Reporting by Elaine Lies; Editing by Robert Birsel)

• Society & Culture
• Emperor Akihito
• Taro Yamamoto

By Caroline Humer

(Reuters) – Insurer Cigna Corp said on Thursday it expects to increase its 2014 earnings from 2013, reflecting its smaller exposure to uncertainty around private Medicare and the rollout of individual insurance on new exchanges around the country.

Cigna, which reported third-quarter profit that beat analysts’ expectations on Thursday, has both a U.S. and overseas health insurance business and also sells disability and life insurance.

Cigna said that diversification will help it next year, which it expects to be challenging because of broad changes in the healthcare industry.

Larger competitors UnitedHealth Group Inc, WellPoint Inc and Aetna Inc have recently painted 2014 as uncertain because of private Medicare cuts and changes related to President Barack Obama’s healthcare reform law.

Shares of Cigna, which had fallen with other competitors after the pessimistic reports, were up 3 percent on Thursday. Shares of Aetna, UnitedHealth and WellPoint were also higher.

State-run “Obamacare” exchanges selling insurance to individuals launched on October 1 and have been struggling with technology problems. The federal exchange, which serves 36 states, has also been plagued by glitches, with would-be customers often unable to log on or encountering mysterious error messages; this week, the data center containing the information needed by all 50 states to enroll members has suffered outages.

Cigna CEO David Cordani told investors on a conference call that the company’s exposure to the exchanges is small because it is participating in only five states.

“We have cautioned not to look at this opportunity, for at least our company, as a watershed moment … It may present a long-term opportunity,” he said.

Cigna said it expects full-year earnings of $ 6.70 to $ 6.90 per share. Analysts were expecting $ 6.65, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

That is an increase of 25 to 45 cents per share from its previous outlook. The company forecast 2014 growth that will probably be less than the growth in 2013.

The company said net income rose to $ 553 million, or $ 1.95 per share, from $ 466 million or $ 1.61 per share a year earlier.

Excluding investment gains, the company reported a profit of $ 1.89 per share. On that basis, analysts on average had expected $ 1.63, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

Revenue rose to $ 8.1 billion from $ 7.3 billion.

The company said the results reflected continued medical cost management and a lower operating expense ratio that were partly offset by some pressure on its private Medicare plans for older people.

Medical costs were held back as cash-strapped Americans continued to cut back when possible on doctor and hospital visits.

Cigna has a private Medicare business, but it is comparatively small.

Cigna said that as of September 30, it had 13.8 million commercial customers and 488,000 customers in Medicare and Medicaid plans. The company also has a Medicare pharmacy benefit business and manages commercial pharmacy benefits.

The vast majority of commercial customers are in self-funded health plans in which Cigna administers health benefits as a third party and the company or organization is responsible for the actual cost of covering its members.

Cigna shares were up 3 percent at $ 76.85 at midday on Thursday on the New York Stock Exchange, after rising as much as 5 percent earlier in the session.

(Reporting by Caroline Humer in New York; editing by Lisa Von Ahn and Matthew Lewis)

• Finance
• Investment & Company Information

For thousands of years the soybean has been a valuable food source in China and Japan. Although America is the world’s leading producer (35 percent) of this nutrient-rich legume, most domestic consumers have yet to fully discover the “joy of soy.” Delicious alternatives to a myriad of milk products found in the supermarket—ice cream, yogurt, milk and margarine, all derived from a simple bean—lose nothing in the translation from cow to plant in terms of taste and nutrition. Indeed, extensive research conducted by Cornell University confirms the role of a plant-based diet as being healthier for humans and their environment as opposed to literally eating “high on the hog.”

Almost a virtual unknown in the West, edamame is winning stomachs and minds with its convenience, long list of essential nutrients and adaptability. In a nutshell, edamame is an immature soybean harvested while it is still tender, green and in the pod.

What does it do?

First mentioned in the year 1275 by the notable Japanese monk, Nichiren, edamame is low in fat and calories, and yet high in protein, fiber and most essential nutrients. In fact, one cup of edamame yields 6 percent of ALL nutrients except vitamin D. As a complete protein, this young soybean provides the full essential amino acid spectrum to assure a successful transition to a vegetarian diet. That same cup of edamame provides heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids, helping reduce inflammation as well as the risk of cardiovascular disease.

About the herb

In Japanese, “eda” means “twig,” while “mame” translates to “bean.” Edamame is so named because it is harvested off the bush while still in the pod. Soybeans reaped at just the right time of the growing season bring edamame into a prominent role for human survival. Our numbers bursting at the seams, high protein plant foods can reduce our dependence on oil, diminishing soil resources and dangerously high saturated fats from animal sources.

Recommended dosage

Edamame serves as a tasty snack or a powerhouse addition to any dish. Since the inedible pod serves as the medium for cooking, boiling or steaming the immature bean within, the best and simplest method for snacking is to squeeze the green gems into a cup followed by a light sprinkle with mineral-rich sea salt.

(Reuters) – A federal appeals court on Thursday reinstated restrictions on abortion providers in Texas that a lower court had blocked, siding with Republican Attorney General Greg Abbott who had asked for an emergency ruling while the case is appealed.

The decision means that while an appeal is ongoing in the case, doctors who perform abortions in Texas will have to get agreements with local hospitals to admit patients as part of a sweeping new anti-abortion law.

A federal district judge had ruled on Monday, a day before the law was due to go into effect, that a section of the law pertaining to admitting privileges was unconstitutional after supporters said it would force clinics to close.

(Reporting by Brendan O’Brien; Editing by Cynthia Johnston)

• Health
• Government
• federal appeals court
• Texas

By Elinor Comlay

MEXICO CITY (Reuters) – Shares of Mexico’s biggest bottling company fell on Thursday as Congress approved a 1 peso-per-liter tax on sugary drinks and an 8 percent tax on junk food as part of a wider tax overhaul.

The plan, which was passed by lawmakers after markets closed, aims to curb rising obesity levels as well as lift Mexico’s poor tax take.

Shares of Mexico-based Coca-Cola Femsa, Coke’s largest bottler in Latin America, closed down 1.28 percent at 159.02 pesos.

Mexico, where obesity rates are now higher than in the United States, will be the first major soda market to tax high-calorie sodas, following a handful of other Latin American and European countries.

Mexicans are the world’s biggest soda drinkers, guzzling about 707 8-ounce (0.24 liter) servings, on average, per year, according to U.S. newsletter Beverage Digest. The United States is the only other country in the same ballpark, clocking in at 701 servings.

Drink and snack food companies are expected to pass on the tax to consumers, which could put further pressure on economic growth which has slowed this year in Mexico, hurt by a drop in consumer spending.

Coke Femsa executives said on a call last week that they would pass on the tax by raising prices broadly between 12 and 15 percent.

“We think the industry will do the same thing because it’s a heavy tax,” Chief Financial Officer Hector Trevino told analysts on a call.

“Our operators are already looking at some of the strategies that we’ll follow for next year and that includes doing a full reconfiguration of our whole portfolio, even doing some downsizing,” Trevino added.

The company said it could reduce its workforce by around 3 or 4 percent and cut back on distribution routes.

Coca-Cola controls more than three-quarters of Mexico’s drinks market and stands to be hit the hardest by the soda tax, according to Beverage Digest.

Much smaller players in the market include PepsiCo and Dr Pepper Snapple Group.

Coke Femsa did not respond to requests for comment, while a spokeswoman for Coca-Cola referred calls to Mexico’s beverages association ANPRAC.

GLOBAL TREND

Mexico’s tax could be a “game changer” as “the first of the large soft-drink consumer markets to impose a significant excise tax on full-calorie soft drinks,” wrote analysts at Credit Suisse in a report last month.

Other countries and jurisdictions may consider following suit, according to the Center for Science in the Public Interest.

Telluride, Colorado’s 800 registered voters will weigh in on a proposal to put a 1-cent per ounce tax on sugary drinks on November 5, sponsor Elisa Marie Overall said. If it passes, the small ski resort town would be the first in the United States to institute such a tax. There also is a move afoot in San Francisco to put a proposed 2-cent per ounce soda tax on the ballot in November 2014.

Mexico’s one peso per liter tax is the equivalent to about 0.23 cents per U.S. ounce. A liter of Coke – 33.8 U.S. ounces – costs about 12 pesos ($ 0.92).

Soda tax proposals in Richmond, a San Francisco Bay Area city, and El Monte, located east of Los Angeles, failed last year after industry groups descended on the California towns.

New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg last year spearheaded a ban on the sale of large, sugary drinks, but a state judge declared the effort illegal after a challenge by soft drink makers and a restaurant group. New York’s highest court has agreed to hear an appeal.

Most soft-drink and food companies will self regulate and promote diet versions of their drinks as well as offering more alternative drinks such as juices, vitamin waters or just smaller sizes, said analysts in the Credit Suisse report. ($ 1 = 12.9992 Mexican pesos)

(Reporting by Elinor Comlay, additional reporting by Lisa Baertlein in Los Angeles and Martinne Geller in London; Editing by Bernard Orr)

• Finance
• Mexico

By Dan Levine | Reuters – 

von






Cinya Burton






| Übersetzt von Cinya Burton

31. Oktober 2013 – 14:02

Five pros and cons to shaking up the show

Press Association – 

(Reuters) – Insurer Cigna Corp on Thursday reported a third-quarter profit that beat analysts’ expectations as revenue increased and it managed medical costs in its commercial business.

Net income rose to $ 553 million, or $ 1.95 per share, from $ 466 million, or $ 1.61 per share, a year earlier.

Excluding investment gains, the company reported a profit of $ 1.89 per share. On that basis, analysts on average had expected $ 1.63, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

Cigna, which provides U.S. and overseas health insurance as well as disability and life insurance, said it expected full-year earnings of $ 6.70 to $ 6.90 per share. Analysts were expecting $ 6.65, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

Revenue rose to $ 8.1 billion from $ 7.3 billion.

The company said the results reflected continued medical cost management and a lower operating expense ratio that were partly offset by some pressure on its private Medicare plans for older people.

Cigna’s report comes after larger competitor Aetna Inc missed analysts’ earnings expectations earlier this week, in part because of funding cuts in private Medicare. UnitedHealth Group Inc’s quarter met but did not beat expectations for similar reasons.

Cigna has a private Medicare business, but it is comparatively small.

Cigna said that as of September 30, it had 13.8 million commercial customers and 488,000 customers in Medicare and Medicaid plans. The company also has a Medicare pharmacy benefit business and manages commercial pharmacy benefits.

The vast majority of commercial customers are in self-funded health plans in which Cigna administers health benefits as a third party and the company or organization is responsible for the actual cost of covering its members.

Cigna has a small individual business and is offering plans in five states on the new Obamacare health insurance exchanges. These exchanges sell new plans created under President Barack Obama’s healthcare reform law that include government subsidies based on income.

(Corrects number of Medicare and Medicaid customers in 9th paragraph to 488,000 from 488 million)

(Reporting by Caroline Humer; Editing by Lisa Von Ahn)

• Finance
• Insurance
• Thomson Reuters

By Kate Kelland

LONDON (Reuters) – The risks to public health from emissions caused by fracking for shale oil and gas are low as long as operations are properly run and regulated, the British government’s health agency said on Thursday.

Public Health England (PHE) said in a review that any health impacts were likely to be minimal from hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, which involves the pumping of water and chemicals into dense shale formations deep underground.

Environmental campaigners have staged large anti-fracking protests in Britain, arguing that it can pollute groundwater and cause earthquakes.

Since there is currently no fracking in Britain, the PHE report examined evidence from countries such as the United States, where it found that any risk to health was typically due to operational failure.

“The currently available evidence indicates that the potential risks to public health from exposure to emissions associated with the shale gas extraction process are low if operations are properly run and regulated,” said John Harrison, director of PHE’s centre for radiation, chemical and environmental hazards.

“Good well construction and maintenance is essential to reduce the risks of groundwater contamination,” he added.

Britain’s Conservative-led government, seeking a U.S.-style production boom to offset dwindling North Sea oil and gas reserves, has backed fracking as an “energy revolution” that could create jobs and cut energy prices.

Energy Minister Michael Fallon welcomed the report and said companies would be granted permission to frack for shale oil and gas in Britain only if their operations are considered to be safe.

“Public safety and health is paramount,” he said, adding that the government would work with the industry “to ensure stringent safety guidelines are upheld” in shale exploration.

Green activist groups say the government should instead invest more in renewable energy.

“Low risk is not the same as no risk,” said Friends of the Earth energy campaigner Helen Rimmer. “Evidence suggests fracking has contaminated drinking water in Australia and the United States. There’s no guarantee it won’t happen here.”

Greenpeace said earlier this month it would encourage British landowners to join together in legally opposing fracking, a move that could strengthen the opposition to shale exploration and development.

Responding to the PHE’s report, Quentin Fisher, a professor of petroleum geoengineering at the University of Leeds, said it was “yet another study” suggesting contamination of groundwater due to fracking was unlikely.

“The report provides even more evidence that production of gas from shale can be made very safe,” he added.

Ken Cronin, chief executive of the UK Onshore Operators Group which represents the onshore oil and gas industry, also welcomed the report, saying he hoped its findings would “reassure communities up and down the country that shale gas can be extracted with minimal risk to their wellbeing”.

(Reporting by Kate Kelland; editing by Tom Pfeiffer and Jane Baird)

• Nature & Environment
• Politics & Government
• fracking
• PHE

(Reuters) – Insurer Cigna Corp on Thursday reported a third-quarter profit that beat analysts’ expectations as revenue increased and it managed medical costs in its commercial business.

Net income rose to $ 553 million, or $ 1.95 per share, from $ 466 million, or $ 1.61 per share, a year earlier.

Excluding investment gains, the company reported a profit of $ 1.89 per share. On that basis, analysts on average had expected $ 1.63, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

Cigna, which provides U.S. and overseas health insurance as well as disability and life insurance, said it expected full-year earnings of $ 6.70 to $ 6.90 per share. Analysts were expecting $ 6.65, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.

Revenue rose to $ 8.1 billion from $ 7.3 billion.

The company said the results reflected continued medical cost management and a lower operating expense ratio that were partly offset by some pressure on its private Medicare plans for older people.

Cigna’s report comes after larger competitor Aetna Inc missed analysts’ earnings expectations earlier this week, in part because of funding cuts in private Medicare. UnitedHealth Group Inc’s quarter met but did not beat expectations for similar reasons.

Cigna has a private Medicare business, but it is comparatively small.

Cigna said that as of September 30, it had 13.8 million commercial customers and 488,000 customers in Medicare and Medicaid plans. The company also has a Medicare pharmacy benefit business and manages commercial pharmacy benefits.

The vast majority of commercial customers are in self-funded health plans in which Cigna administers health benefits as a third party and the company or organization is responsible for the actual cost of covering its members.

Cigna has a small individual business and is offering plans in five states on the new Obamacare health insurance exchanges. These exchanges sell new plans created under President Barack Obama’s healthcare reform law that include government subsidies based on income.

(Corrects number of Medicare and Medicaid customers in 9th paragraph to 488,000 from 488 million)

(Reporting by Caroline Humer; Editing by Lisa Von Ahn)

• Finance
• Insurance
• Thomson Reuters

By Kate Kelland

LONDON (Reuters) – The risks to public health from exposure to emissions from shale gas extraction or fracking are low as long as operations are properly run and regulated, the British government’s health agency said on Thursday.

In a review of the potential health impact of fracking, which involves the pumping of water and chemicals into dense shale formations to push out gas and oil, Public Health England (PHE) said any health impacts were likely to be minimal.

Since there is currently no fracking in Britain, the PHE report examined evidence from countries such as the United States, most of which it said suggested any risk to health is typically due to operational failure.

“The currently available evidence indicates that the potential risks to public health from exposure to emissions associated with the shale gas extraction process are low if operations are properly run and regulated,” said John Harrison, director of PHE’s centre for radiation, chemical and environmental hazards.

“Good well construction and maintenance is essential to reduce the risks of ground water contamination,” he added.

Keen to stimulate a U.S.-style production boom and offset dwindling North Sea oil and gas reserves, Britain’s Conservative-led government has backed fracking as an “energy revolution” that could create jobs and cut energy prices.

Activists say the government should instead invest more in renewable energy. Environmental campaigners have staged large anti-fracking protests, arguing that it can pollute water supplies and cause earthquakes.

Greenpeace said earlier this month it would encourage British landowners to join together in legally opposing fracking, a move that could strengthen the opposition to exploration and development of shale oil and gas.

Responding to the PHE’s report, Quentin Fisher, a professor of petroleum geoengineering at the University of Leeds, said it was “yet another study” suggesting contamination of the groundwater due to fracking was unlikely.

“The report provides even more evidence that production of gas from shale can be made very safe,” he added.

Ken Cronin, chief executive of the UK Onshore Operators Group which represents the onshore oil and gas industry, also welcomed the report, saying he hoped its findings would “reassure communities up and down the country that shale gas can be extracted with minimal risk to their wellbeing”.

(Reporting by Kate Kelland; editing by Tom Pfeiffer)

• Nature & Environment
• Politics & Government
• fracking
• PHE

von






Cinya Burton






| Übersetzt von Cinya Burton

31. Oktober 2013 – 02:00

By Kate Kelland

LONDON (Reuters) – China should close live poultry markets in big cities to disrupt the spread of a new strain of bird flu that resurfaced there earlier this month, scientists said, after a previous shutdown was found to have slashed the number of human cases.

In a study published in The Lancet medical journal on Thursday, researchers from Hong Kong and China said that while closing markets during the height of the first outbreak of H7N9 in April may have been costly, it reduced human infections dramatically and should be done again if cases rise as feared.

The findings – of a more than 97 percent reduction in the daily number of human cases of the new H7N9 strain after the markets were closed compared with before – should give policymakers confidence that the economic costs of shutting markets is balanced by significant health gains.

“(This) is a highly effective intervention to prevent human disease and protect public health,” said Benjamin Cowling of Hong Kong University, who led the study and had it published in the Lancet medical journal.

Based on his findings, he said the best approach to minimize the spread of the H7N9 bird flu virus ahead of an expected surge in cases during the winter flu season would be to shut down markets wherever the virus is detected.

Two new human cases of H7N9 bird flu were found in China’s eastern Zhejiang province in October, the first in what some flu experts fear may be a fresh epidemic of the deadly disease to come during China’s colder winter months.

“This is of great concern because it reveals that the H7N9 virus has continued to circulate and now has the potential to re-emerge in a new outbreak of human disease this winter,” said Cowling, echoing similar fears expressed by Chinese researchers in a study published last week.

DEATH RATE 30 PERCENT

Some 45 people have so far been killed by H7N9 flu strain, many of them during a flare-up in March and April just after the virus first emerged in humans earlier in February.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) says it has now recorded 137 laboratory confirmed cases, suggesting a death rate for the new strain of more than 30 percent.

At the start of April, several weeks after the first human cases of H7N9 bird flu emerged, 780 live poultry markets in the Chinese cities of Shanghai, Hangzhou, Huzhou and Nanjing were closed to try and halt virus spread.

The closures have been estimated to have cost more than 57 billion yuan ($ 9.35 billion), so Cowling’s team set out to study whether those costs could be justified.

The team analyzed data on every laboratory confirmed case of H7N9 in those four cities up to June 1, 2013 and entered them into a statistical calculation method called a Bayesian model which was able to quantify the before-and-after effects of shutting down the markets.

The results found the closures cut the average daily number of H7N9 human infections by 99 percent in Shanghai, 99 percent in Hangzhou, 97 percent in Huzhou and 97 percent in Nanjing.

“Without this robust evidence, policymakers would struggle to justify further closures of LPMs because of the millennia-old culture of trading live birds and the potential huge economic loss on the poultry industry in China,” said Cowling.

Yet with it, he added, the best course of action to minimize the spread of the virus ahead of the expected surge in infections in the winter would be sustained live poultry market closure in areas of high risk of disease spread, and immediate market closure in areas where the virus appears in future.

(Editing by Mike Collett-White)

• Health
• Disease & Medical Conditions
• China

NEW YORK (AP) — Young New Yorkers who want to light up will soon have to wait for their 21st birthdays before they can buy a pack of smokes after lawmakers in the nation’s most populous city voted overwhelmingly to raise the tobacco-purchasing age from 18 to 21.

The City Council’s vote Wednesday makes New York the biggest city to bar cigarette sales to 19- and 20-year-olds, and one of only a few places throughout the United States that have tried to stymie smoking among young people by raising the purchasing age. The council also approved a bill that sets a minimum $ 10.50-a-pack price for tobacco cigarettes and steps up law enforcement on illegal tobacco sales.

“We know that tobacco dependence can begin very soon after a young person first tries smoking so it’s critical that we stop young people from smoking before they ever start,” Mayor Michael Bloomberg said in a statement after the council’s vote.

Bloomberg, a strong supporter of tough smoking restrictions, has 30 days to sign the bills into law. The minimum age bill will take effect 180 days after enactment.

The city’s current age limit is 18, a federal minimum that’s standard in many places. Smoking in city parks and beaches already is prohibited as it is in restaurants.

Advocates say higher age limits help prevent, or at least delay, young people from taking up a habit that remains the leading cause of preventable deaths nationwide.

But cigarette manufacturers have suggested young adult smokers may just turn to black-market merchants. And some smokers say it’s unfair and patronizing to tell people considered mature enough to vote and serve in the military that they’re not old enough to decide whether to smoke.

“New York City already has the highest cigarette tax rate and the highest cigarette smuggling rate in the country,” said Bryan D. Hatchell , a spokesman for R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, which makes Camel and other brands. “Those go hand in hand and this new law will only make the problem worse.”

Another anti-smoking initiative pushed by the Bloomberg administration was previously shelved ahead of Wednesday’s vote: forcing stores to keep cigarettes out of public view until a customer asks for them.

Newsstand clerk Ali Hassen, who sells cigarettes daily to a steady stream of customers from nearby office buildings, said he didn’t know if the new age restrictions would do any good.

While he wouldn’t stop vigilantly checking identification to verify customers’ age, Hassen doubted the new rules would thwart determined smokers.

“If somebody wants to smoke, they’re going to smoke,” he said.

Similar legislation to raise the purchasing age is expected to come to a vote in Hawaii this December. The tobacco-buying age is 21 in Needham, Mass., and is poised to rise to 21 in January in nearby Canton, Mass. The state of New Jersey also is considering a similar proposal.

“It just makes it harder for young people to smoke,” said smoker Stephen McGorry, 25, who started lighting up at 19. He added that had the age been 21 when he took up the habit, “I guarantee I wouldn’t be smoking today.”

• Politics & Government
• Health
• Michael Bloomberg

Chon Buri governor Khomsan Ekkachai had instructed Bang Lamung district to announce the new regulations and notify business operators earlier this month.

Bang Lamung district chief Sakchai Taeng-hor, Tuesday led 50 Territorial Defence officials, excise officials and Pattaya police to inspect service venues for the illegal selling of such items – prohibited in accordance with the Liquor Act BE 2493 and the Tobacco Act BE 2509.

Sakchai said they found most venues observed the regulations, while those who insisted on selling the prohibited items were warned and had their offence recorded.

The Nation

Social media is the great equalizer. It provides unprecedented access to the smallest of players and gives them the ability to sound off, connect and drive business. It turns anyone with a smartphone, computer and Internet access a marketer. The only question is the one that most can’t answer; how do I actually do it?

The answer isn’t complicated when you get down to the nuts and bolts of using social media. Take Twitter. I was interviewed by CNN two weeks ago and the producer for the segment asked me about my new book and some other things related to my background. He told me about his own current book project and I shared some insights into what he might do to be successful in launching it. “Sho,” which is his real name, tweeted me shortly after I left and thanked me for the advice I provided. He didn’t email me, but instead found my Twitter handle and sent me a direct message.

Since that encounter a couple of weeks ago, we have been having an ongoing conversation on Twitter. He doesn’t have my cell phone, yet we can text back and forth in real time just as you would do with a real text message on the phone — one on one, but also one on one to many. That’s the beauty of Twitter. My 3,000-plus followers are able to see the conversations I’m having, since they are public, but they can just as easily be private messages. I just choose to make them public.

That’s a one-on-one example from somebody who actually met me. What about someone whom I’ve never met? Use a hashtag (#) to find people based on information they have shared on Twitter. For instance, let’s say you are looking to connect with people who are well versed about Hanoi in Vietnam.  You could simply input #Hanoi on Twitter and the most recent posts from people who have used that hashtag show up. I did this myself on my last trip there a year and half ago. 

Indeed, I discovered many different individuals who knew about specific destinations and started to have one-on-one conversations with them. I was literally able to “find” people based on the conversations they were having about a place I was interested in. They were able to provide insights and ideas for a trip that was going to take place, and I had never even met them. That’s the power of Twitter and another reason why you should be on it.

At its roots, Twitter is a personalized search engine that returns results based on that # symbol. Instead of a web page, you get someone’s musings or thoughts or shared information. A lot of it is junk, but then again so is much of the web in general. By searching based on your criteria, you can bypass that junk and get to the conversations that matter.

Creating a conversation is what social media is all about.  My “aha” moment with Twitter came when I associated its platform with texting. It was like, “duh, now I get it.”

It used to cost tens of millions of dollars to build a brand or get noticed, but social media platforms have changed the game. You can now effectively build a brand with little to no investment, other than your time. Understanding only comes with experimentation. It’s time to step into the social media laboratory.   

By Carey Gillam

(Reuters) – A lobbying group for major U.S. food manufacturers continues to run afoul of campaign finance laws in the way that it has contributed funds to block a measure that would require labeling of genetically modified foods in Washington state, according to a statement issued Wednesday by the state’s attorney general.

State Attorney General Bob Ferguson said he will amend a lawsuit filed October 16 to raise the total amount he alleges the Grocery Manufacturers Association (GMA) illegally concealed to $ 11 million, from the $ 7.2 million in the original complaint.

GMA represents some of the world’s largest food and beverage companies and is lobbying heavily against the measure known as I-522 that is set for a public vote in Washington state on November 5. GMA is the largest contributor to the “No on 522″ campaign.

The I-522 requires labeling of foods that are made with genetically altered crops as well as labeling of genetically engineered seeds and seed products sold in the state.

This measure would be the first of its kind in the United States and both the food industry and biotech seed companies, including Monsanto and DuPont, have poured roughly $ 22 million into a campaign to defeat it.

The attorney general earlier alleged that the GMA illegally collected and spent more than $ 7 million while shielding the identity of its contributors. After the suit was filed, the GMA registered its political committee on October 18 and produced information about a portion of its member contributions.

But the attorney general said Wednesday that $ 3.8 million in contributions appear to have been collected by the GMA from its members before it registered a political action committee, and the contributions were not reported when it submitted its disclosure documents on October 18.

“These contributions increase the total amount the GMA received and expended on electoral activity in Washington without timely registering as political committee and reporting the full amount of contributions collected,” the attorney general’s office said in a statement.

GMA officials said in a statement that it has provided “full transparency” to voters in regard to contributions made.

“Every single GMA contribution to the campaign and the original source of those funds (including detailed lists of companies and dollar amounts) has been reported to the Washington State Public Disclosure Commission,” the group said.

The Yes on 522 campaign, which is pushing for labeling of GMO foods, repeated allegations that the food and biotech seed industry is trying to unfairly “buy” the election.

“It is clear that the GMA … broke the law. Not once but multiple times now,” said Delana Jones, campaign manager for Yes on 522.

As of Tuesday, proponents of labeling had raised roughly $ 6.8 million, compared to about $ 22 million raised by opponents, according to the Washington Public Disclosure Commission.

(Editing by Himani Sarkar)

• Elections
• Politics & Government
• GMA

LOS ANGELES (Reuters) – Family of late soul singer Marvin Gaye sued R&B recording artists Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams for copyright infringement on Wednesday, accusing them of stealing from the Motown legend’s musical composition for the hit single “Blurred Lines.”

The suit was filed as a counter-claim to a case brought preemptively by Thicke and Williams in August seeking a court ruling to establish that “Blurred Lines” did not infringe on Gaye’s rights to his 1977 hit, “Got to Give it Up,” as members of his family had said publicly.

The suit by three of Gaye’s children cited excerpts of magazine interviews given by Thicke to support their contention that he had admitted to drawing on “Got to Give it Up” when producing and recording “Blurred Lines.”

Thicke sang the raunchy, percussive R&B song, which topped song charts around the world this year and ranked as the biggest U.S. pop hit of the summer, at this year’s MTV Video Music Awards in a provocative performance featuring pop singer Miley Cyrus.

Gaye’s daughter, Nona Marvisa Gaye, and his sons Frankie Christian Gaye and Marvin Gaye III also said in the suit that Thicke’s 2011 song “Love After War” amounted to “unlawful copying” of Gaye’s 1976 song “After the Dance.”

Their lawsuit also named Thicke’s wife, actress Paula Patton, who collaborated with her husband on “Love After War,” along with Interscope Records, Universal Music Group Recordings and Sony/ATV Music, among others.

The suit further accuses EMI, which also happens to manage the copyrights for Gaye’s music, of breach of contract and trust agreements.

The family is seeking damages of up to $ 150,000 per infringement as well as a portion of the profits from the success of “Blurred Lines” and “Love After War.”

(Reporting by Piya Sinha-Roy; Editing by Steve Gorman and Eric Walsh)

• Arts & Entertainment
• Celebrities
• Robin Thicke
• Pharrell Williams

By Susan Heavey

WASHINGTON (Reuters) – Many young athletes still do not admit when they have suffered a head injury despite increased awareness about the risks of concussions in children and teenagers, U.S. health advisers said on Wednesday, urging sports leagues and government agencies to take more action.

Various groups have tried to raise awareness about the seriousness of brain injuries, and sports leagues have implemented rule changes aimed at preventing them. Professional leagues, including the National Football League, are also wrestling with the issue amid complaints from some players about long-term impacts on the brain.

But there is still not enough data on how to prevent and treat them, the experts said in an analysis of sports-related concussions in young athletes from the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council. (Report: http://r.reuters.com/xus34v)

“Despite the increased attention, however, confusion and controversy persist in many areas,” panelists said the report, which was sponsored by several government agencies along with $ 75,000 from the NFL.

Overall, studies show youth concussions occur at higher rates in certain sports, during competition rather than practice and among girls, the 17-member panel concluded.

Most recovery plans call for athletes with concussions to rest, but “current research does not indicate a standard or universal level and duration of rest needed,” panelists added.

In 2009, U.S. hospitals treated 250,000 youth for sports-related concussions and other brain injuries, up from 150,000 in 2001, according to the report, which analyzed all available studies and data on 5- to 21-year-olds.

It was unclear if concussions are on the rise or whether increased awareness had prompted greater diagnoses, the report added. Reporting differences and other factors may also help explain why data show higher rates among girls, it said.

Still, many cases go unreported.

For Hannah Steenhuysen, a high school soccer goalie in Rehoboth, Massachusetts, it was hard to admit she had been hit too hard with a ball and risk missing out on her favorite sport.

“You don’t tell anyone usually when you get a headache because you don’t want to be out of the game,” she said.

Severe headaches from her second concussion last year took her off the team and left her struggling for months to catch up on assignments.

“I couldn’t watch TV or text or even read – it was really tough,” said Steenhuysen. “When I tried to go back to school, I couldn’t keep up and everything got jumbled in my head.”

CURRENT EFFORTS INADEQUATE

Concussions are a mild form of traumatic brain injury that can cause memory problems, headaches, sensitivity to light, among other symptoms. Mood changes are also a worry, and concerns remain about a possible link to mental illness.

The report urged athletic groups and federal health agencies to gather more data overall, calling current efforts “inadequate.”

Some parents have already taken steps on their own.

Bill and Suzanne Watters of Oakland, New Jersey bought their then 14-year-old son a $ 350 helmet after he suffered a concussion last year during a football game.

They disagree over whether their son should return to the field, but he is playing again this season. “He loves the game, and that’s what he wants to do,” his mother said.

The report said it “found little evidence” that helmets, mouthguards or headbands reduce the risk of concussion.

While much of the attention has centered around American football with its fierce body blows and tackling, other sports also carry risks. Bicycle crashes were the leading cause of mild brain injuries among youth, data showed.

Overall, more male athletes in high schools and college report concussions in football, ice hockey, lacrosse, wrestling and soccer, the report said.

Among similarly aged young women, the highest rates of reported concussions were in soccer, lacrosse and basketball.

With the exception of cheerleading, head injuries were most likely to occur during competition, not practice, the report said.

(Reporting by Susan Heavey; Editing by Daniel Trotta)

• Sports & Recreation
• Health

By Roberta Rampton and David Morgan

BOSTON/WASHINGTON (Reuters) – President Barack Obama said on Wednesday that “bad apple” insurance companies, not his signature healthcare law, are to blame for hundreds of thousands of people losing their coverage in the past few weeks.

As administration officials scrambled to fix technical problems on an online insurance marketplace that is central to the success of the Affordable Care Act, Obama blamed private insurers for a separate problem that has critics questioning his honesty.

The president has repeatedly promised that people who are happy with their health plans would not have to change coverage because of the law, known as Obamacare.

But the termination of individual policies has given his Republican opponents additional ammunition to criticize the program they have tried to stop since its inception in Obama’s first term.

Republicans’ assertion that Obama had broken a major promise to the electorate is potentially more damaging than the glitch-ridden website rollout on October 1.

Obama’s approval rating hit a new low in a NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll issued on Wednesday, a result the pollsters attributed to multiple setbacks including the Obamacare problems.

The law requires insurers to offer a higher level of minimum coverage that includes maternity care and mental health treatment, among other benefits. Individuals who do not have policies that meet the new standards may see their coverage canceled at the end of the year, or may find that the monthly payments are beyond what they can afford.

Speaking in Boston, Obama said those who are getting dropped will be able to find new options through the online insurance exchanges, or marketplaces, established under the 2010 law.

“Just shop around in the new marketplace,” he said. “You’re going to get a better deal.”

He also stressed that the law allows Americans to keep bare-bones plans created before the law was signed, as long as insurers did not change or cancel them.

“Remember, before the Affordable Care Act, these bad-apple insurers had free rein every single year to limit the care that you received, or used minor pre-existing conditions to jack up your premiums, or bill you into bankruptcy,” Obama said.

America’s Health Insurance Plans, the national trade group for health insurers, said the law requires coverage beyond what many people choose to purchase currently.

“Health plans want to keep customers,” said group spokesman Robert Zirkelbach in a statement. In notices to customers about changes to their policies, he said, health plans were educating consumers about their options and helping them enroll in coverage “that’s right for them.”

‘A BROKEN HEALTHCARE SYSTEM’

The law is the most sweeping new social program since the creation of Medicare and Medicaid in the 1960s.

It is intended to move the United States closer to the goal of universal care by using market-based mechanisms to deliver affordable insurance to less affluent families that have been priced out by decades of rising healthcare costs.

Obama said he would not allow the country to return to the previous system, which gave insurers wide latitude to refuse coverage to consumers that they did not deem profitable.

“I don’t think we should go back to the daily cruelties and indignities and constant insecurity of a broken healthcare system,” he said.

Technical woes, however, have prevented millions of Americans from exploring those options through the government’s HealthCare.gov portal since it was unveiled.

On Capitol Hill, Obama’s top health official called the debut a “debacle” as she sought to assure skeptical lawmakers at a congressional hearing that the administration would eventually get the portal to work smoothly.

HealthCare.gov was down over the course of the four-hour hearing.

“Hold me accountable for the debacle,” Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius told the U.S. House of Representatives Energy and Commerce Committee.

“I told the president that we were ready to go. Clearly I was wrong,” she said.

The security of the site was at “high risk” because of a lack of testing before it opened for enrollment, according to a government memorandum reviewed by Reuters.

Sebelius said HHS is conducting weekly security tests to ensure visitors are protected.

She has drawn intense criticism from Republicans, who have called for her or other senior officials to resign. She seemed to survive the high-profile hearing without further damage. A White House spokesman said after the hearing that Obama has “complete confidence” in Sebelius.

Republicans have sought to derail the healthcare overhaul since Obama took office in 2009, culminating in a 16-day government shutdown this month that has cost the U.S. economy an estimated $ 24 billion, according to Standard & Poor’s ratings agency. Republicans say the program is an unwarranted expansion of the federal government.

The website’s woes and insurance plan terminations have given Republicans more ammunition.

“For those who lose the coverage they like, they may also be losing faith in their government,” said Michigan Representative Fred Upton, the Republican who oversaw the hearing.

Several Republican senators introduced legislation that would allow insurers to sell more plans that are not compliant with Obamacare. “One of two things is true here – either President Obama was being dishonest or he was disengaged once again,” Republican Senator Ron Johnson of Wisconsin said at a news conference.

Despite the drama, the public’s assessment of Obamacare has shifted little over the past months. Gallup reported that 36 percent of Americans believe it will make healthcare in the United States better, while 44 percent think it will make things worse – essentially the same as surveys found in August and June.

But the NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll found Obama’s rating fell to just 42 percent of Americans approving of his job performance, down 5 percentage points from earlier this month.

The pollsters attributed the decline to an accumulation of setbacks including allegations of spying by the National Security Agency, the recent government shutdown and the healthcare problems.

GROWING CONCERNS

The growing crisis surrounding Obama’s signature legislative achievement could diminish his influence in Congress and threaten his other priorities like immigration reform signed into law in his remaining three years in office.

U.S. presidents have a limited time to enact their agenda in the second term before they start losing influence as lawmakers start worrying about re-election.

Obama spoke at Boston’s historic Faneuil Hall, where in 2006 then-Governor Mitt Romney, a Republican, signed a state law that served as a model for Obama’s health reforms.

Like Obamacare, that law had a rocky start – state officials delayed some aspects for several months, and the White House says only 123 people signed up in the first month it was available. By the end of the year-long enrollment period, 36,000 had signed up.

The Obama administration likewise expects “a very small number” of people to sign up initially for coverage, Sebelius said. Overall, U.S. officials hope 7 million people sign up in the first year.

The White House has declined to say how many Americans have enrolled so far. It also has asked states that run their own online healthcare exchanges to stop releasing their own data, according to Kevin Counihan, who runs Connecticut’s health site.

“The White House is coordinating this stuff and trying to get states to report when they report — once a month,” Counihan told reporters. “We’ll do it every two weeks.”

(Additional reporting by Susan Heavey, Anna Yukhananov, Steve Holland, Thomas Ferraro, Jim Finkle, Lewis Krauskopf, Caren Bohan, Karey Van Hall and Sharon Begley; Writing by Andy Sullivan; Editing by Ross Colvin, Grant McCool and Tim Dobbyn)

• Health Care Policy
• Politics & Government
• Barack Obama
• Kathleen Sebelius

By Curtis Skinner

NEW YORK (Reuters) – The New York City Council voted to raise the minimum age for buying tobacco to 21, the highest in the country, in hopes of reducing smoking among the city’s young adults.

The council voted 35 to 10 on Wednesday to raise the age requirement from 18.

Mayor Michael Bloomberg, an anti-smoking crusader, was expected to sign the bill, which would become law 180 days later.

Some 19,000 high school students under 18 currently smoke in the city and 80 percent of smokers start before age 21, according to the city’s health department. Youth smoking rates have hovered around 8.5 percent since 2007 after having been cut in half from 2001 to 2006.

“We need the next big thing. And this is the next big thing,” City Councilman James Gennaro, the sponsor of the bill, told reporters about the bill’s intent to further reduce smoking among the city’s youth.

Raising the minimum sales age to 21 would reduce smoking among 14 to 17 year olds by two-thirds and cut rates by a little over half for 18 to 20 year olds, the health department said.

Bloomberg, nearing the end of his third and final term, has made public health a focus of his 12 years in office, starting with a ban on smoking in bars and restaurants in 2002. In 2011 the city banned smoking in outdoor venues such as public parks and beaches. Bloomberg has also targeted fatty foods, salt and sugary drinks in New York City restaurants.

Four states – Alabama, Alaska, New Jersey and Utah – and several municipalities across the country have set the minimum age for buying tobacco products at 19.

While New York would be the first major city to have a sales age as high as 21, the Boston suburb of Needham, Massachusetts, actually led the way in 2005. Between 2006 and 2012, smoking among high school students in Needham fell by more than half, New York City officials said.

(Editing by Daniel Trotta and Bob Burgdorfer)

• Health
• Politics & Government
• New York City Council
• Michael Bloomberg

By Jessica Dye

(Reuters) – A U.S. appeals court on Wednesday reinstated part of a legal fight by AstraZeneca over a patent protecting its Pulmicort Respules asthma drug, months after the court temporarily halted competitors from distributing generic versions.

The ruling from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit reverses an earlier decision that generic drugmakers -including Apotex Inc, Sandoz Inc and Watson Laboratories Inc -had not infringed an AstraZeneca patent relating to the drug.

The court left intact a finding that another AstraZeneca patent related to the drug was invalid.

AstraZeneca said in a statement Wednesday that it had “full confidence in the strength of its intellectual property rights” concerning the pediatric asthma drug.

The defendants were not immediately available for comment after regular business hours Wednesday.

AstraZeneca had filed suit earlier this year seeking to block the generic drugmakers from introducing versions of Pulmicort Respules. The defendants countersued, saying that the patents were invalid and that they had not infringed them.

The case went to trial, and in April a federal judge in New Jersey found that one AstraZeneca patent had not been infringed, and that another was invalid. AstraZeneca appealed, and in May the Federal Circuit issued a temporary injunction to block generic versions of the drug from being distributed in the United States.

Defendants Apotex, Watson and Breath Limited had received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the drug, and Sandoz received approval while the appeal was pending, AstraZeneca said in a statement.

None of the manufacturers have launched a generic product in the United States, although AstraZeneca has an agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals allowing that company to sell a generic version, the company said.

According to a regulatory filing from AstraZeneca, Pulmicort generated $ 866 million in worldwide revenue for AstraZeneca in 2012.

(Reporting by Jessica Dye in New York; Editing by Leslie Adler)

• Pharmaceuticals & Drug Trials
• Business
• AstraZeneca